{"id":197,"date":"2020-06-07T18:18:13","date_gmt":"2020-06-07T10:18:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.theseven.com.cn\/?p=197"},"modified":"2023-06-05T17:17:43","modified_gmt":"2023-06-05T09:17:43","slug":"%e6%9c%89%e5%85%b3%e6%b2%b3%e6%b5%81%e7%9a%84%e5%b8%b8%e8%a7%81%e5%90%8d%e8%af%8d","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.theseven.com.cn\/197","title":{"rendered":"\u6709\u5173\u6cb3\u6d41\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u540d\u8bcd"},"content":{"rendered":"<section>\u5730\u9762\u6c34\u548c\u5730\u4e0b\u6c34\u6c47\u5165\u6cb3\u6d41\u5e76\u8865\u7ed9\u6cb3\u6d41\u7684\u533a\u57df\u4e3a\u6cb3\u76c6\uff08drainage 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height=\"508\"><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section>\u6c47\u6ce8\u6cb3\u6d41\u7684\u6c34\u6e90\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u5730\u8868\u6c34\u548c\u5730\u4e0b\u6c34\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5f62\u6210\u5730\u9762\u96c6\u6c34\u533a\uff08catchment area\uff09\u548c\u5730\u4e0b\u96c6\u6c34\u533a\u3002\u6cb3\u76c6\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u7406\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u51b3\u5b9a\u7740\u5730\u8868\u5f84\u6d41\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3001\u6c47\u6c34\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u6cb3\u6c34\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u7b49\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u6c34\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u6ce8\u5165\u6d77\u6d0b\u3001\u6e56\u6c69\u6216\u5185\u9646\u6e56\u76c6\u7684\u6cb3\u6d41\u79f0\u4e3a\u5e72\u6d41\uff08main 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\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5357\u7f8e\u6d32\u7684\u4e9a\u9a6c\u5b59\u6cb3\u4e3a\u4e00\u6761\u5341\u4e8c\u7ea7\u6cb3 (Wheeling Jesuit University\/NASA-supported Classroom of the Future, 2004)\uff1b<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-207\" src=\"http:\/\/www.theseven.com.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/-20200604144003-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"382\" height=\"425\">\u3002<\/section>\n<section>\n<section><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-210\" src=\"http:\/\/www.theseven.com.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/-20200604144124-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"588\" height=\"419\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-209\" src=\"http:\/\/www.theseven.com.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/-20200604144055-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"596\" height=\"437\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-208\" src=\"http:\/\/www.theseven.com.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/-20200604144037-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"537\" height=\"399\"><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section>\u6cb3\u76c6\u7684\u6295\u5165\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e09\u7c7b\uff1a\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u3001\u6c34\u5206\u53ca\u98ce\u5316\u6c89\u79ef\u7269\u3002\u6c34\u5206\u6765\u81ea\u964d\u96e8\u6216\u964d\u96ea\uff0c\u9ad8\u5c71\u79ef\u96ea\u878d\u6c34\uff0c\u6216\u5730\u4e0b\u6c34\u4f9b\u5e94\u7684\u6cc9\u6c34\u3002\u98ce\u5316\u6c89\u79ef\u7269\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u6d41\u6c34\u4fb5\u8680\u6216\u5757\u4f53\u79fb\u52a8\u6765\u53c2\u4e0e\u6cb3\u76c6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u5faa\u73af\uff1b\u98ce\u5316\u7269\u7684\u591a\u5c11\uff0c\u4e0e\u5ca9\u77f3\u7684\u575a\u786c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u53ca\u5ca9\u77f3\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u5761\u5ea6\u6709\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u96e8\u6c34\u5728\u5761\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u5730\u8868\u6d41\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6cb3\u76c6\u5185\u964d\u6c34\u60c5\u51b5\u53ca\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u7406\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5730\u8868\u6d41\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u95f4\u5728\u5404\u5904\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff1b\u901a\u5e38\u9996\u5148\u4ece\u6d41\u57df\u5185\u900f\u6c34\u6027\u5f88\u5dee\u548c\u5761\u5ea6\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u9010\u6e10\u6269\u53ca\u5168\u6d41\u57df\u3002\u5730\u8868\u6d41\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u5f80\u5f80\u7531\u82e5\u5e72\u6761\u4e0d\u5927\u7684\u3001\u5f7c\u6b64\u65f6\u5408\u65f6\u5206\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5c0f\u6c34\u6d41\u7ec4\u6210\uff1b\u5f53\u964d\u6c34\u5f3a\u5ea6\u5f88\u5927\u800c\u53c8\u6765\u4e0d\u53ca\u4e0b\u6e17\u65f6\uff0c\u5730\u8868\u6d41\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u968f\u6c34\u6df1\u548c\u5730\u9762\u5761\u5ea6\u7684\u589e\u51cf\u800c\u52a0\u901f\u6216\u51cf\u901f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5730\u8868\u6d41\u4f1a\u9010\u6b65\u6c47\u96c6\u5230\u6cb3\u9053\u53bb\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u6cb3\u6d41\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4ece\u571f\u58e4\u548c\u5ca9\u77f3\u800c\u6765\u7684\u8868\u5c42\u6d41\u53ca\u5730\u4e0b\u6c34\u6d41\uff0c\u4ea6\u4f1a\u4f9b\u5e94\u6cb3\u6d41\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u6c34\u91cf\u3002\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u6d41\u57df\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u964d\u6c34\u91cf\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u5386\u65f6\u8d8a\u957f\uff0c\u5728\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e86\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u635f\u8017\u540e\uff0c\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5730\u8868\u6d41\u4e5f\u8d8a\u591a\uff1b\u964d\u6c34\u5f3a\u5ea6\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u8d8a\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u6cb3\u6d41\u6c34\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6cb3\u76c6\u7684\u4ea7\u51fa\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e09\u7c7b\uff1a\u70ed\u80fd\u3001\u6c34\u5206\u53ca\u6cb3\u6c34\u642c\u8fd0\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u70ed\u80fd\u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u84b8\u53d1\u53ca\u84b8\u817e\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u6f5c\u70ed\u5f62\u5f0f\u79bb\u5f00\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u901a\u8fc7\u5730\u9762\u8f90\u5c04\u6563\u9038\u3002\u6c34\u5206\u901a\u8fc7\u84b8\u53d1\u3001\u84b8\u817e\u4f5c\u7528\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f84\u6d41\u7b49\u8fc7\u7a0b\u800c\u79bb\u5f00\u3002\u5f84\u6d41runoff 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flow\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f00\u59cb\u964d\u96e8\u65f6\uff0c\u96e8\u6c34\u5148\u88ab\u5730\u9762\u7269\u8d28\u5438\u6536\uff0c\u6216\u6e17\u6da6\u571f\u5c42\u3001\u77f3\u5c42\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6d41\u91cf\u672a\u89c1\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u968f\u7740\u96e8\u6c34\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u5730\u8868\u7269\u8d28\u53c8\u63a5\u8fd1\u9971\u548c\uff0c\u5730\u9762\u5f84\u6d41 surface runoff 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